Non-invasive blood tests for earlier diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis

Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei, Zahra Sadat Asadi, Zoleikha Asadi, Rana Jahanban Esfahlan, Rana Jahanban‐Esfahlan
Journal of reproductive immunology · 2025 · vol. 169 , pp. 104521 · doi:10.1016/j.jri.2025.104521 · PMID:40121746 · W4408539422
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This review explores the potential of non-invasive blood tests, biosensors, and nanotechnology for earlier diagnosis and personalized treatment of endometriosis by examining genetic, epigenetic, and immunological markers.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to symptoms such as dysmenorrhea and chronic pain. It affects approximately 2–10 % of women of reproductive age and up to 50 % of those experiencing infertility, significantly impacting the healthcare system. Despite its prevalence, endometriosis presents in a variety of forms and phenotypes, partly due to the absence of a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosis. Early detection of endometriosis is crucial for effective management; however, the most dependable diagnostic method currently available is laparoscopy . Many women are reluctant to undergo this surgical procedure, resulting in a substantial number remaining unaware of their condition. This review aims to explore the potential of non-invasive blood tests in developing reliable biomarkers or a combination of biomarkers for the early detection and diagnosis of endometriosis. Innovative therapies such as immunomodulation , stem cell therapy , biosensors, and nanotheranostics present promising avenues for personalized diagnosis and treatment, focusing on genetic , epigenetic, and immunological aspects. The review emphasizes the importance of various biomarkers and the necessity for further research to enhance diagnosis and improve the quality of life for women affected by endometriosis. • Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to dysmenorrhea and chronic pain. • It affects 2–10 % of women of reproductive age and up to 50 % of those experiencing infertility, significantly impacting the healthcare system. • Despite its prevalence, it presents in a variety of forms and phenotypes, partly due to the absence of a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosis. • Detection of endometriosis is crucial for effective management. • We discuss the novel non-invasive blood tests including immunomodulation , stem cell therapy , biosensors and nanotechnology.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosisdysmenorrheainfertility

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Hematologic Tests Hematologic Tests Hematologic Tests Hematologic Tests Hematologic Tests Hematologic Tests Hematologic Tests

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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