Adenomyosis and endometriosis in adolescents and young women with pelvic pain: prevalence and risk factors

Letizia Zannoni, Simona Del Forno, Diego Raimondo, Alessandro Arena, Ilaria Giaquinto, Roberto Paradisi, Paolo Casadio, Maria C Meriggiola, Maria Cristina Meriggiola, Renato Seracchioli
Minerva pediatrics · 2020 · vol. 76(1) , pp. 57–63 · doi:10.23736/s0026-4946.20.05842-9 · PMID:32549030 · W3035080994
article OA: closed CC0 ⤵ 21 in-corpus citations
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study found high prevalence of adenomyosis (46%) and endometriosis (25%) in young women with pelvic pain, with dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia linked to adenomyosis and specific symptoms linked to endometriosis.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of ultrasound diagnosis of adenomyosis and endometriosis in young women complaining of pelvic pain and to find the symptoms and clinical characteristics associated with these diseases in young women. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, including 100 young women (14-24 years) with a history of chronic pelvic pain. Women were asked detailed medical hystory and pain symptoms scores (Visual Analogue Scale) and underwent gynecological examination and ultrasound evaluation. RESULTS: The prevalence of endometriosis and adenomyosis in young women amounted to 25.0% and 46.0%, respectively. A significant correlation was found between ovarian endometriosis and adenomyosis. Dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia were risk factors for adenomyosis. Dyschezia, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, presence of sonographic soft markers suggestive of pelvic adhesions, being a worker and having a previous surgery were risk factors for endometriosis. Young women (20-24 years) had a higher incidence of both adenomyosis and endometriosis than adolescents (14-19 years). CONCLUSIONS: Our outcomes strengthen the hypothesis of a progressive and common course of the natural history of endometriosis, which initially may manifest with symptoms, then with signs of pelvic adhesions and finally as adenomyosis, ovarian endometriomas or deep infiltrating endometriosis.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004414mesh:D004715mesh:D017699endometriosisadenomyosisdie_deep_infiltratingchronic_pelvic_paindysmenorrheadyspareunia

MeSH descriptors

Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Dyspareunia Dyspareunia Dyspareunia Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Adolescent Cross-Sectional Studies Female Humans Pelvic Pain Pelvic Pain Pelvic Pain Prevalence Risk Factors

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