Implantation defect in endometriosis: endometrium or peritoneal fluid.

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This review summarizes evidence for altered endometrial receptivity and peritoneal fluid environments contributing to implantation defects in women with endometriosis.

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Abstract

Clinical observations indicate that an implantation defect occurs in women with endometriosis. Despite intense research, the role of alterations in endometrial receptivity and the peritoneal fluid microenvironment in the derangement of implantation in endometriosis remains controversial. In this review, the evidence for the altered endometrial receptivity and peritoneal environment are summarized, and their effects on the implantation defect in women with endometriosis are discussed. Recent studies on cell adhesion molecules and their ligands, apoptosis, homeobox genes and the direct action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues are reviewed with respect to their contribution to endometrial receptivity in endometriosis. The possible mechanisms by which an altered peritoneal environment of endometriosis may affect implantation, including cytokine concentrations, iron metabolism, biochemical factors and embryotoxicity are discussed.

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Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Cell Adhesion Molecules Embryo Implantation Endometriosis Endometrium Infertility, Female Apoptosis Ascitic Fluid Ascitic Fluid Ascitic Fluid Cell Adhesion Molecules Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometrium Female Humans Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Infertility, Female Iron

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

Cited by (23)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-06-04T01:30:01.192114+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-05-13T22:13:36.046895+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK