Malignome auf dem Boden einer Endometriose

Zusammenfassung Auf dem Boden einer Endometriose können potenziell maligne Tumoren entstehen. Diese maligne Transformation kann jedes Gewebe betreffen, in dem auch Endometriose vorkommt. Eine direkte Kanzerisierung benigner Endometriose über Atypien erscheint möglich. Histologisch handelt es sich bei den endometrioseassoziierten Malignomen überwiegend um klarzellige oder endometrioide Karzinome, seltener auch um andere histologische Typen. Das Risiko einer malignen Transformation von Endometriosegewebe wurde in älteren Arbeiten mit etwa 1 % angegeben, bei ovariellen Endometriomen mit 2,5 % bei einer Spannbreite zwischen 2 und 17 %. Molekularbiologisch wurden dabei PTEN- und ARID1A-Mutationen sowie Heterozygotieverlust beschrieben. Im Falle von ovariellen Manifestationen wurde eine bessere Prognose dieser Tumoren im Vergleich mit „high-grade“-serösen Ovarialkarzinomen diskutiert. Die Stiftung Endometrioseforschung (SEF) führt derzeit gemeinsam mit der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO) eine retrospektive Studie zur Charakterisierung endometrioseassoziierter Malignome inklusive einer histopathologischen Zweitbegutachtung in einem Referenzlabor durch. Abstract Potentially malignant tumors can arise from endometriosis. This malignant transformation can basically affect every tissue that harbors endometriosis. A direct carcinogenic transformation of benign endometriosis via atypia seems to be possible. Histologically, endometriosis-associated malignancies mostly present as clear-cell and endometrioid carcinomas and also rarely as other histological types. The overall risk of malignant transformation of endometriosis tissue has been estimated in older studies as 1 % and for ovarian endometriomas 2.5 % with a range between 2 % and 17 %. Mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and AT rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A) genes as well as loss of heterozygosity have been reported as molecular biological findings. In the case of ovarian manifestation a more favorable prognosis has been discussed for these tumors compared to high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas. The Endometriosis Research Foundation (SEF) and the working group gynecological oncology (AGO) are currently conducting a joint retrospective study to characterize these endometriosis-associated tumors including an expert histopathological second opinion in a reference laboratory. Similar content being viewed by others Literatur Aris A (2010) Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer: a ten-year cohort study of women living in the Estrie Region of Quebec, Canada. J Ovarian Res 3:2 Kurman RJ, Hedrick Ellenson L, Ronnett BM (eds) (2011) Blaustein’s pathology of the female genital tract. 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Int J Mol Sci 14:5367–5379 Zanetta GM, Webb MJ, Li H et al (2000) Hyperestrogenism: a relevant risk factor for the development of cancer from endometriosis. Gynecol Oncol 79:18–22 Hinweis Ähnliche Beiträge zum Thema sind von der Arbeitsgruppe 2014 und 2015 bereits publiziert worden (Springer: Der Gynäkologe, Gyne, Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Der Pathologe, s. Literaturverzeichnis). Author information Authors and Affiliations Corresponding author Ethics declarations Interessenkonflikt U.A. Ulrich, E. Drienko, V.M. Reichert, A. Wunschel und F. Noack geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren. Additional information Redaktion W. Küpker, Baden-Baden Rights and permissions About this article Cite this article Ulrich, U.A., Drienko, E., Reichert, V.M. et al. Malignome auf dem Boden einer Endometriose. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 14, 26–30 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-015-0043-1 Published: Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-015-0043-1