Predictors of pain, urinary symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS): A prospective 12-month follow-up study

Christoph Dybowski, Bernd Löwe, Christian Brünahl
Journal of Psychosomatic Research · 2018 · vol. 112 , pp. 99–106 · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.06.013 · PMID:30097143 · W2885008459
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This study prospectively followed patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome for 12 months to identify predictors of pain, urinary symptoms, and quality of life.

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) can affect both men and women and often causes substantial impairment to quality of life. Although cross-sectional studies have suggested that psychosocial aspects may constitute important factors in the etiology and maintenance of CPPS, longitudinal studies are rare. Therefore, the present study examines psychosocial factors as prospective predictors of pain intensity, urinary symptoms and impediments to quality of life in men and women with CPPS. METHODS: Data were collected from patients during visits to a specialized, interdisciplinary outpatient clinic and after 12 months. Outcomes included pain intensity, urinary symptoms and impediments to quality of life, all of which were measured with the NIH-CPSI. Age, sex, depressive-anxious symptomatology (PHQ-ADS), pain catastrophizing (PCS), health anxiety (WI-7) and social support (FSozU) were examined as predictors in multivariate linear regressions. RESULTS: Data from 109 patients (59.6% female; age M = 49.3, SD = 16.7) were analyzed. Pain severity (β = .30, p = .004), age (β = .22, p = .02), urinary symptoms (β = .24, p = .01) and depressive-anxious symptomatology (β = .29, p = .009) at baseline emerged as predictors of pain at follow-up. Urinary symptoms were predicted by urinary symptoms (β = .53, p < .001) and depressive-anxious symptomatology (β = .25, p = .01) at baseline; impediments to quality of life were predicted by depressive-anxious symptomatology (β = .27, p = .01). CONCLUSION: Psychological factors, especially depressive-anxious symptomatology, predict CPPS-specific symptom severity and impediments to quality of life after 12 months and thus substantially contribute to the chronification of CPPS. It is recommended to address anxiety and depression in patients with CPPS as early as possible in biopsychosocially oriented treatment approaches.

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Condition tags

chronic_pelvic_pain

MeSH descriptors

Chronic Pain Chronic Pain Pelvic Pain Pelvic Pain Quality of Life Chronic Pain Cross-Sectional Studies Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Middle Aged Pelvic Pain Prospective Studies Quality of Life Syndrome

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