Quercetin modulates key biomarkers and inhibits cell proliferation in endometriosis

Xujing Geng, Dan Ren, Xiangxiang Chen, Rongjie Wang, Panpan Zhao, 万利静, Meng Wang, Jie Zhang, 李朋粉, Dan Zhang, Xiaoqin Lu, Yungai Xiang
In: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · 2026 · vol. 32(6) , pp. 1–23 · doi:10.3892/etm.2026.13339 · W7222984737
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Quercetin inhibits endometriosis cell proliferation by directly binding to and stabilizing SERPINE1 protein, thereby reducing its expression and mediating therapeutic effects through this specific molecular interaction.

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This study investigated the therapeutic potential of quercetin, a bioactive compound from Paeoniae Radix Alba and Hedysarum multijugum Maxim, in treating endometriosis by identifying key molecular interactions. Researchers utilized gene expression datasets, single-cell RNA sequencing, and in vitro assays on endometriosis cell lines to assess how quercetin affects cell proliferation and specific biomarkers like SERPINE1. The findings demonstrated that quercetin significantly inhibits endometriosis cell proliferation by directly binding to and stabilizing the SERPINE1 protein, an effect that was reversed when SERPINE1 was overexpressed. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically exploring the molecular mechanism by which quercetin inhibits disease progression through direct interaction with SERPINE1.

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Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015 International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease. International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment. Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery. Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine. Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology. Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology. International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis. Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology. Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition. Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease. An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine. Article Open Access - Authors: - Article Number: 345|Published online on: October 19, 2026https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13339 - Expand metrics + Endometriosis is a chronic disorder and the present study investigated the therapeutic potential of quercetin, derived from Paeoniae Radix Alba and Hedysarum multijugum Maxim (BSHQ), by identifying bioactive ingredients and key biomarkers with a focus on their molecular interactions in the context of endometriosis. The present study identified 32 bioactive ingredients from BSHQ, linked to 231 target genes. Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and Weighted Gene Co‑expression Network Analysis were used to analyze differentially expressed genes and key co‑expression modules. In vitro assays, including half‑maximal inhibitory concentration, Cell Counting Kit‑8 and 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine assays, assessed the impact of quercetin on cell proliferation in endometriosis cell lines. Molecular docking, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyzed the interaction of quercetin with biomarkers. The present study identified 16 BSHQ‑related genes. Single‑cell RNA sequencing analysis showed distinct expression patterns of these genes in various cell types. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding between quercetin and these biomarkers. In vitro assays revealed quercetin markedly inhibited the proliferation of endometriosis cell lines, reducing cell proliferation and serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1) expression. CETSA showed that quercetin can directly bind to SERPINE1 protein and enhance its thermal stability against temperature‑induced degradation, a post‑translational effect independent of expression regulation, and SPR analysis further supported the direct interaction between quercetin and SERPINE1. Furthermore, SERPINE1 overexpression rescued the inhibitory effects of quercetin on proliferation, highlighting its critical role in mediating the effects of quercetin in endometriosis. The present study underscored SERPINE1 as a pivotal biomarker in endometriosis and revealed that quercetin effectively modulated key disease mechanisms, offering promising therapeutic potential. These findings provide a solid basis for future research aimed at exploring the role of quercetin in the treatment of endometriosis. Copy and paste a formatted citation Spandidos Publications style Geng X, Ren D, Chen X, Wang R, Zhao P, Wan L, Wang M, Zhang J, Li P, Zhang D, Zhang D, et al: Quercetin modulates key biomarkers and inhibits cell proliferation in endometriosis. Exp Ther Med 32: 345, 2026. APA Geng, X., Ren, D., Chen, X., Wang, R., Zhao, P., Wan, L. ... Xiang, Y. (2026). Quercetin modulates key biomarkers and inhibits cell proliferation in endometriosis. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 32, 345. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13339 MLA Geng, X., Ren, D., Chen, X., Wang, R., Zhao, P., Wan, L., Wang, M., Zhang, J., Li, P., Zhang, D., Lu, X., Xiang, Y."Quercetin modulates key biomarkers and inhibits cell proliferation in endometriosis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32.6 (2026): 345. Chicago Geng, X., Ren, D., Chen, X., Wang, R., Zhao, P., Wan, L., Wang, M., Zhang, J., Li, P., Zhang, D., Lu, X., Xiang, Y."Quercetin modulates key biomarkers and inhibits cell proliferation in endometriosis". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32, no. 6 (2026): 345. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13339

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