Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis, Causative Factors, Issues, Drug Treatment Strategies, and Delivery Approaches

Singh D, Deependra Singh, Srivastava S, Shikha Srivastava, Pradhan M, Madhulika Pradhan, Jagat R Kanwar, Kanwar JR, Manju Rawat Singh, Singh MR
Critical reviews in therapeutic drug carrier systems · 2015 · vol. 32(3) , pp. 181–214 · doi:10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2015011095 · PMID:26080808
Review OA: closed CC-BY-4.0
🔓 Open OA copy Full text JSON View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by qwen3.7-flash, 2026-10-13 ⓘ

This review examines inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis and genetic factors, evaluating current drug treatments alongside novel colloidal and cellular delivery systems for gastric inflammation.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

⚙ AI-generated deep summary by qwen3.7-flash, 2026-10-12 · read from full text ⓘ

The provided text does not contain a biomedical research paper but rather an automated security challenge page from a website protected by Anubis. It explains that the site uses a Proof-of-Work scheme to deter aggressive web scraping by AI companies, noting that this is a temporary measure until more sophisticated fingerprinting techniques can be implemented. The message instructs users to disable browser plugins like JShelter that might interfere with the required JavaScript features for solving the challenge. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an incessant, reverting, inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract encompassing two entities, namely, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Numerous protocols have been explored to treat these dreadful diseases, including the use of different IBD drugs with different modes of action and routes of administration. Constant progression in the development of newer formulations, chemical modifications, stimuli-responsive systems, and novel approaches using colloidal and cellular carriers have led to effective treatments of gastric inflammation. Colloidal carriers including vesicular and particulate systems such as liposomes, transferosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, microspheres; cellular carriers including erythrocytes, macrophages, and recombinant bacteria; and other systems such as osmotic pressure and plug control release have gained unique positions as drug carriers. Here, we investigate IBD in terms of its pathogenesis, role of genetic factors, currently available treatment options and their modes of action, pharmacokinetics, marketed products, side effects of individual IBD drugs, recent developments, modifications in the delivery of various drugs through novel colloidal drug carriers, and future prospects.
Full text 1,068 characters · extracted from oa-doi-fallback · click to expand
Making sure you're not a bot! Loading... You are seeing this because the administrator of this website has set up Anubis to protect the server against the scourge of AI companies aggressively scraping websites. This can and does cause downtime for the websites, which makes their resources inaccessible for everyone. Anubis is a compromise. Anubis uses a Proof-of-Work scheme in the vein of Hashcash, a proposed proof-of-work scheme for reducing email spam. The idea is that at individual scales the additional load is ignorable, but at mass scraper levels it adds up and makes scraping much more expensive. Ultimately, this is a placeholder solution so that more time can be spent on fingerprinting and identifying headless browsers (EG: via how they do font rendering) so that the challenge proof of work page doesn't need to be presented to users that are much more likely to be legitimate. Please note that Anubis requires the use of modern JavaScript features that plugins like JShelter will disable. Please disable JShelter or other such plugins for this domain.

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

⚙ Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: oa-doi-fallback ⓘ

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

MeSH descriptors

Colitis, Ulcerative Crohn Disease Gastrointestinal Agents Animals Colitis, Ulcerative Colitis, Ulcerative Colitis, Ulcerative Crohn Disease Crohn Disease Crohn Disease Drug Carriers Drug Carriers Drug Delivery Systems Gastrointestinal Agents Gastrointestinal Agents Humans

Citation neighborhood (no data yet)

We don't have any in-corpus citations linked to this paper yet. The paper's references may be in our DB but unresolved to ``paper_id`` (resolution happens at ingest when the cited DOI matches a row we already have). Run the cross-source citation reconcile pass to retry.

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-10-25T09:32:14.900964+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-10-12T06:15:46.782296+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-10-12T06:33:14.382917+00:00
License: CC-BY-4.0