Myomas and Adenomyosis: Impact on Reproductive Outcome

Nikolaos Vlahos, Nikos F Vlahos, Theodoros D Theodoridis, George A. Partsinevelos
BioMed research international · 2017 · vol. 2017 , pp. 1–14 · doi:10.1155/2017/5926470 · PMID:29234680 · W2767590363
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

Submucosal and large intramural myomas adversely affect conception and pregnancy outcomes, while subserosal myomas do not, and adenomyosis is associated with adverse reproductive events.

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Abstract

Among uterine structural abnormalities, myomas and adenomyosis represent two distinct, though frequently coexistent entities, with a remarkable prevalence in women of reproductive age. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the impact of each of them on reproductive outcome. In respect to myomas, current evidence implies that submucosal ones have an adverse effect on conception and early pregnancy. A similar effect yet is not quite clear and has been suggested for intramural myomas. Still, it seems reasonable that intramural myomas greater than 4 cm in diameter may negatively impair reproductive outcome. On the contrary, subserosal myomas do not seem to have a significant impact, if any, on reproduction. The presence of submucosal and/or large intramural myomas has also been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. In particular increased risk for miscarriage, fetal malpresentation, placenta previa, preterm birth, placenta abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, and cesarean section has been reported. With regard to adenomyosis, besides the tentative coexistence of adenomyosis and infertility, to date a causal relationship among these conditions has not been fully confirmed. Preterm birth and preterm premature rupture of membranes, uterine rupture, postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony, and ectopic pregnancy have all been reported in association with adenomyosis. Further research on the impact of adenomyosis on reproductive outcome is welcome.

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Condition tags

adenomyosisinfertility

MeSH descriptors

Adenomyosis Infertility Myoma Reproduction Adenomyosis Adenomyosis Female Humans Infertility Infertility Myoma Myoma Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcome Reproduction

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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Cited by (44)

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