Influence of nodular and severe forms of diffuse adenomyosis on reproductive function: a review of reproductive outcomes of surgical interventions and IVF

In: Acta Biomedica Scientifica · 2021 · vol. 6(3) , pp. 31–42 · doi:10.29413/abs.2021-6.3.3 · W3193595642
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AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07

Adenomyosis negatively impacts reproductive outcomes in both IVF/ICSI and surgical treatment groups, with lesion depth significantly correlated to fertility, though optimal treatment remains unclear due to limited evidence.

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This review synthesizes clinical studies assessing how nodular and severe forms of diffuse adenomyosis affect reproductive function, including fertility outcomes after assisted reproduction (IVF and/or ICSI) and after surgical treatment for deep adenomyosis. Across these populations, adenomyosis is reported to negatively influence reproductive outcomes, and a statistically significant correlation between the depth/extent of disease and reproductive performance is noted, although the literature includes relatively few data specifically quantifying the impact of lesion severity. The authors report that some sources describe a positive effect of surgical treatment followed by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, but controlled studies are lacking, and many included studies are limited by unclear inclusion/exclusion criteria and thus do not meet validity standards. Relevance to endometriosis: this paper is centrally about adenomyosis reproductive outcomes, but it is included in the corpus alongside endometriosis literature because it discusses pelvic disease mechanisms and fertility impacts in a broader reproductive-gynecology context that overlaps with endometriosis-adjacent conditions.

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Abstract

This review includes an analysis of clinical studies evaluating the effect of adenomyosis on reproductive function, as well as a review of studies on the relationship between surgical treat-ment options for adenomyosis and reproductive outcomes. Different studies of women populations after in vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) and after surgical treatment of deep adenomyosis have shown that adenomyosis in both cases has a negative effect on the reproductive outcome, although there are significant differences in these populations. In the literature, there are relatively few data on the degree of influence of the depth of the lesion on the realization of the reproductive function, however, a significant correlation was revealed between them. The positive effect of treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, followed by surgical treatment of adenomyosis, has also been described in several literary sources, but there have been no controlled studies on this topic. Many studies do not meet the validity criteria due to the lack of clear criteria for inclusion and exclusion from the study. The choice of the optimal treatment options for adenomyosis based on the actual data is difficult due to the lack of reliable evidence of the relationship between fertility and the degree of adenomyosis. However, it is known that adenomyosis can reduce the likelihood of successful implantation so ramatically that surgical or other treatment options are reasonably recom-mended. At the same time, it is necessary to assess the possible positive effect of the treatment options available in the doctor’s arsenal. Thus, timely referral to specialized treatment of ade-nomyosis may be crucial for the successful implementation of reproductive function in patients with suspicion or with an established diagnosis of adenomyosis in combination with recurrent miscarriage, who refuse to use assisted reproductive technologies, medical institutions. This review will analyze the relationship between infertility and adenomyosis, as well as review studies of reproductive outcomes in different options for surgical treatment of adenomyosis in infertile patients.
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Влияние узловой и тяжелой форм диффузного аденомиоза на репродуктивную функцию: обзор репродуктивных исходов оперативных вмешательств и ЭКО https://doi.org/10.29413/ABS.2021-6.3.3 Аннотация Представленный обзор включает в себя данные различных клинических исследований, в которых оценивалось действие узловой и тяжелой формы диффузного аденомиоза на репродуктивную функцию, а также обзор репродуктивных исходов в зависимости от хирургического лечения. Различные исследования групп женщин после экстрокорпорального оплодотворения (ЭКО) и/или интрацитоплазматической инъекции сперматозоидов (ЭКО/ ИКСИ), а также женщин, которым выполнялось хирургическое лечение по поводу глубокого аденомиоза показали, что аденомиоз в обоих случаях оказывает негативное влияние на репродуктивный исход, хотя в данных популяциях есть и существенные отличия. В литературе сравнительно мало данных о степени влияния глубины поражения на реализацию репродуктивной функции, однако между ними выявлена достоверная корреляция. Положительный эффект хирургического лечения с дальнейшим применением агонистов гонадотропинрилизинг гормона также описан в нескольких литературных источниках, однако контролируемых исследований на эту тему не проводилось. Многие исследования не отвечают критериям достоверности в связи с отсутствием четких критериев включения и исключения из исследования. Выбор оптимальных вариантов лечения аденомиоза на основе фактических данных затруднен из-за отсутствия достоверных доказательств взаимосвязи между фертильностью и степенью распространенности аденомиоза. Однако известно, что аденомиоз может настолько сильно снизить вероятность успешной имплантации, что будет обоснованно рекомендовать хирургические или другие варианты лечения. При этом необходимо оценить возможный положительный эффект имеющихся в арсенале врача вариантов лечения. Таким образом, решающее значение для успешной реализации репродуктивной функции у пациенток с подозрением или с установленным диагнозом аденомиоз в сочетании с привычным невынашиванием беременности, отказывающихся от использования вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий, может иметь своевременное направление в специализированные по лечению аденомиоза медицинские учреждения. В этом обзоре будет проанализирована связь между бесплодием и аденомиозом, а также рассмотрены исследования репродуктивных исходов при разных вариантах хирургического лечения аденомиоза у пациентов с бесплодием. Об авторах К. Ю. КрыловРоссия к.м.н, врач акушер-гинеколог, старший научный сотрудник отдела гинекологии ул. Будапештская, 3А, 192242, Санкт-Петербург, Россия Н. Н. Рухляда Россия д.м.н, профессор, заведующий, кафедра акушерства и гинекологии ул. Литовская, д. 2, 194100, Санкт-Петербург, Россия Е. И. Бирюкова Россия к.м.н., заведующая отделением гинекологии №2 ул. Будапештская, 3А, 192242, Санкт-Петербург, Россия Л. Ш. Цечоева Россия к.м.н., заведующая отделением гинекологии №1 ул. Будапештская, 3А, 192242, Санкт-Петербург, Россия С. В. Винникова Россия аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии ул. Литовская, д. 2, 194100, Санкт-Петербург, Россия Список литературы 1. Benagiano G, Brosens I, Habiba M. Structural and molecular features of the endomyometrium in endometriosis and adenomyosis. Hum Reprod Update. 2014;20 (3): 386–402. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmt052 2. Бирюкова Е. И., Рухляда Н. Н., Крылов К. Ю. Аденомиоз: хирургический подход и репродуктивные исходы. Акушерство и гинекология. 2019; 5: 30–34. doi.org/10.18565/aig. 2019.5.30–34 3. Рухляда Н. Н., Крылов К. Ю., Бирюкова Е. И. Органосберегающие операции при аденомиозе. Акушерство и гинекология. 2019; 5: 86–89. doi.org/10.18565/aig.2019.5.86–89 4. Naftalin J, Hoo W, Pateman K, Mavrelos D, Holland T, Jurkovic D. 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Kishi Y, Yabuta M, Taniguchi F. Who will benefit from uterus-sparing surgery in adenomyosis-associated subfertility? Fertil Steril. 2014; 102 (3):802–7. e1. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.05.028 47. Otsubo Y, Nishida M, Arai Y, Ichikawa R, Taneichi A, Sakanaka M. Association of uterine wall thickness with pregnancy outcome following uterine-sparing surgery for diffuse uterine adenomyosis. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2016; 56 (1):88–91. doi: 10.1111/ajo.12419. 48. Клинические рекомендации по лечению эндометриоза. Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации, 2020 год Рецензия Для цитирования: Крылов К.Ю., Рухляда Н.Н., Бирюкова Е.И., Цечоева Л.Ш., Винникова С.В. Влияние узловой и тяжелой форм диффузного аденомиоза на репродуктивную функцию: обзор репродуктивных исходов оперативных вмешательств и ЭКО. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2021;6(3):31-42. https://doi.org/10.29413/ABS.2021-6.3.3 For citation: Krylov K.Yu., Rukhliada N.N., Biryukova E.I., Tsechoeva L.S., Vinnikova S.V. Influence of nodular and severe forms of diffuse adenomyosis on reproductive function: a review of reproductive outcomes of surgical interventions and IVF. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2021;6(3):31-42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.29413/ABS.2021-6.3.3 JATS XML

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