Thoracic endometriosis presented as catamental hemoptysis: a case series of a rare disease

Yi Dai, Meng-Hui Li, Menghui Li, Yongjian Liu, Yong-Jian Liu, Bing Liu, Yu-Shi Wu, Yushi Wu, Jinghe Lang, Jing-He Lang, Zhenyu Zhang, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Jinhua Leng, Jin-Hua Leng
Current medical research and opinion · 2021 · vol. 37(4) , pp. 685–691 · doi:10.1080/03007995.2021.1885363 · PMID:33538197 · W3128537438
article OA: green CC0
🔓 Open OA copy View on OpenAlex View on PubMed View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This case series reports that catamenial hemoptysis is a rare clinical presentation of thoracic endometriosis, with hormonal treatment using GnRH agonists followed by cyclic COCs proving effective for management.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a rare disease in which a functioning endometrial tissue is observed in the pleura, lung, parenchyma, airways, and/or diaphragm. The optimal management of this disease remains a matter of debate. We aimed to report TES cases and their effective hormonal treatment and management. METHODS: In this retrospective study, women presented as catamenial hemoptysis (CH) diagnosed with thoracic endometriosis were included. The main outcome of measure was cessation or recurrence of the clinical manifestations of thoracic endometriosis. RESULTS: The mean onset age of the 14 patients was 30.21 ± 5.40 years. CH was characteristic symptom of these patients. All patients underwent chest computed tomography (CT) scan during menstruation and 2 or 3 weeks after menstruation, which showed the obvious shrinking or disappearance of the lesions. All of the patients were given Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) for 3 to 6 months, eleven of them were administered with combined oral contraceptives (COC) cyclically after GnRHa. The median follow-up duration was 24 months. Hemoptysis recurrence was observed in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: CH is a rare clinical entity of thoracic endometriosis, the change of CT images during and after menstruation or the response to GnRHa were helpful for accurate diagnosis. Hormonal treatment with GnRHa followed by COCs cyclically could be employed for efficient management of thoracic endometriosis.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Condition tags

mesh:D004715endometriosisthoracic_endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Pneumothorax Female Hemoptysis Hemoptysis Hemoptysis Humans Rare Diseases Retrospective Studies

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

References (39)

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-06-04T01:30:01.192114+00:00
openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
pubmed
last seen: 2026-05-13T22:24:55.077982+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK