Adenomyosis in Adolescence
Adenomyosis, particularly cystic adenomyosis, can occur in adolescents presenting with severe dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain, with imaging advances improving diagnosis.
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This chapter reviews adenomyosis presentation in adolescents, focusing on the observation that adenomyosis is usually considered an adult condition but is rarely encountered in young girls, particularly when severe dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain are present. It highlights “cystic adenomyosis” as an adolescent-specific variant characterized by cystic myometrial formations with hemorrhagic content resembling endometriotic cysts, and notes that advances in imaging and growing awareness have enabled studies of pathophysiology and diagnostic implications in younger patients. A stated limitation is that the literature is largely based on emerging reports rather than established evidence, given the rarity of the condition in this age group. This paper is centrally about endometriosis in adolescents—specifically, it discusses adenomyosis in adolescence and emphasizes cystic adenomyosis’s histologic resemblance to endometriotic cysts and related diagnostic considerations.
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