Effects of metformin, letrozole and atorvastatin on inflammation and apoptosis in experimental peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis in the rat

Sapmaz T, Tansel Sapmaz, Gulfidan Coskun, Coskun G, Gülfidan Çoşkun, Dilek Saker, Saker D, Dilek Şaker, Halime Hanım Pence, Halime Hanım Pençe, Papatya Keles, Papatya Keleş, Keles P, Hayretdag C, Ceyda Hayretdag, Ceyda Hayretdağ, Kuras S, Sibel Kuras, Sibel Kuraş, Sude Topkaraoglu, Sude Topkaraoğlu, Topkaraoglu S, Esra Erdem, Fatima Efendic, Efendic F, Kubra Sevgin, Kübra Şevgin, Muhammetnur Tekayev, Sait Polat, Polat S, Sapmaz E, Ekrem Sapmaz, Oktay Irkorucu, Oktay İrkörücü
Pathology, research and practice · 2022 · vol. 235 , pp. 153951 · doi:10.1016/j.prp.2022.153951 · PMID:35644046 · W4281387627
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This study investigated the effects of metformin, letrozole, and atorvastatin on inflammation and apoptosis in rat models of peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis.

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This study investigated the therapeutic potential of metformin, letrozole, and atorvastatin in a rat model of experimentally induced ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis. Researchers divided thirty-five rats into five groups, including untreated controls and three treatment arms receiving oral doses of the respective drugs over twenty-eight days. The results demonstrated that all medical treatments significantly reduced Ki67 expression while increasing Bax and decreasing Bcl-2 immunoexpression, indicating the induction of apoptosis. Additionally, levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha were significantly lower in the peritoneal fluid of treated groups compared to the untreated endometriosis group. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically examining pharmacological interventions for inflammation and apoptosis in experimental models.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a common gynecological hurting disorder in which tissue is similar to the tissue that normally lines the inner layer of the uterus. It often causes fertility problems. Unfortunately, effective treatments are limited. Therefore it's important to explore an imperative and easily accessible treatment to alleviate the probable pathologies and preserve fertility in endometriosis. Consequently, we aimed to investigate the effects of metformin, letrozole, and atorvastatin on inflammation and apoptosis in experimentally induced ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis in rat models. In the present study, 35 rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1: sham-operated control group. Group 2: untreated endometriosis group. Group 3: given 100 mg/kg/day of oral metformin. Group 4: given 0.1 mg/kg/day of oral letrozole. Group 5: given 2.5 mg/kg/day of oral atorvastatin. At the end of the 28 days, we examined Ki67, Bax and Bcl-2 immunoexpressions in ovarian and peritoneal tissues, and IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels were evaluated from the peritoneal fluid. All medical treatment groups showed a significant decrease in Ki67 expression. A significant increase in Bax expression was also observed in all samples from all medical treatment groups (other than the untreated endometriosis groups). Further, a significant decrease in Bcl-2 expression was found in all medical treatment groups. IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in all medical treatment groups than in the endometriosis groups. In conclusion; Metformin, letrozole, and atorvastatin showed apoptosis induction and anti-inflammatory effects on both ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis in experimental models.
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Effects of metformin, letrozole and atorvastatin on inflammation and apoptosis in experimental peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis in the rat Tarih Dergi Başlığı Dergi ISSN Cilt Başlığı Yayıncı Erişim Hakkı Özet Endometriosis is a common gynecological hurting disorder in which tissue is similar to the tissue that normally lines the inner layer of the uterus. It often causes fertility problems. Unfortunately, effective treatments are limited. Therefore it's important to explore an imperative and easily accessible treatment to alleviate the probable pathologies and preserve fertility in endometriosis. Consequently, we aimed to investigate the effects of metformin, letrozole, and atorvastatin on inflammation and apoptosis in experimentally induced ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis in rat models. In the present study, 35 rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1: sham-operated control group. Group 2: untreated endometriosis group. Group 3: given 100 mg/kg/day of oral metformin. Group 4: given 0.1 mg/kg/day of oral letrozole. Group 5: given 2.5 mg/kg/day of oral atorvastatin. At the end of the 28 days, we examined Ki67, Bax and Bcl-2 immunoexpressions in ovarian and peritoneal tissues, and IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha levels were evaluated from the peritoneal fluid. All medical treatment groups showed a significant decrease in Ki67 expression. A significant increase in Bax expression was also observed in all samples from all medical treatment groups (other than the untreated endometriosis groups). Further, a significant decrease in Bcl-2 expression was found in all medical treatment groups. IL-6, IL-8, and TNF alpha levels were significantly lower in all medical treatment groups than in the endometriosis groups. In conclusion; Metformin, letrozole, and atorvastatin showed apoptosis induction and anti-inflammatory effects on both ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis in experimental models.

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Condition tags

endometriosis

MeSH descriptors

Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis Endometriosis

Citation neighborhood

Papers in the corpus that this work cites (lower rings, blue) and that cite this one (upper rings, green). Dot size scales with the paper's in-corpus citation count — bigger dot = more influential within the endo/adeno field. Click a dot to open that paper. [ expand to 2 hops ] — adds papers reached through this work's immediate citers/citees. Heavier; up to 60 extra dots.

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