Frontiers in immunology

The survival of ectopic endometrial lesions in endometriosis critically depends on their ability to evade immune recognition and clearance by the host, a process known as immune evasion. Recent studies suggest that this process is not drive…

INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Retrograde menstruation is widely accepted as a primary mechanism for ectopic endometrial seeding; …

Sex hormones, androgens, estrogens, and progestogens, play critical regulatory roles in the development and activation of the immune system, which contribute to the sex dimorphism in the disease susceptibility. Sex hormone receptors are exp…

Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. It remains a major contributor to chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and reduced quality of life. Despite considera…

Gynecological diseases represent a persistent global health burden. According to a WHO report, the global incidence of gynecological diseases exceeds 65%. Furthermore, over 90% of women suffer from gynecological issues to varying degrees. T…

Chronic inflammatory conditions are associated with sustained platelet activation and subsequent release of platelet-derived immunomodulatory factors. Among these, platelets are the largest circulating reservoir of transforming growth facto…

OBJECTIVE: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) creates an inflammatory pancreatic microenvironment and is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer (PC). However, immune-inflammatory links between CP and PC remain unclear. Isorhamnetin (ISO), …

Endometriosis (EMS) is a common gynecological disease that seriously affects women's health and quality of life. However, the detailed dynamic cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying EMS pathogenesis remain largely unknown. This study …

Endometriosis and adenomyosis are commonly managed through endocrine suppression, analgesia and surgery, yet these approaches do not fully explain persistent pain, recurrence, fibrotic remodeling or variable treatment response. A growing bo…

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, distinct from apoptosis and necrosis. It has been confirmed as a key regulator in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study systematically elucida…

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder that often persists or returns even after visible lesions have been removed. The behavior of peritoneal macrophages may help explain this clinical durability. These cells particip…

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a condition caused by the ascension of pathogenic microorganisms from the lower genital tract to the uterus and/or fallopian tubes, and is one of the most common clinical syndromes among women of reprodu…

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a prevalent condition that significantly impairs women's quality of life and is closely linked to dysregulated estrogen signaling. This review examines the mechanisms through which estrogen, acting via nuclear…

Nociplastic pain (NPP) is a recently defined form of chronic pain, characterized by altered nociception in the absence of clear evidence of nociceptive or neuropathic pain. It is believed to be driven by maladaptive changes in nociceptive p…

BACKGROUND: Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) are major causes of pathological early pregnancy, yet their mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify shared molecular mediators and…

The fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), an RNA demethylase acting on both internal m6;A and cap-proximal m6;Am, functions in cancer as a context-dependent epitranscriptomic regulator whose net effect cannot be reduced to an oncog…

This study builds upon existing research achievements in bioinformatics to systematically screen a comprehensive set of biomarkers and prognostic models associated with immune infiltration regulation in the tumor microenvironment of endomet…

Eosinophils are evolutionarily conserved granular innate cells that can trace back to 100 million years to the emergence of gnathostomes, which now is involved in regulation of diverse homeostatic conditions and diseases in mammals. They ha…

Gynecologic cancers (GCs), including ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, represent a substantial global health burden, characterized by high rates of recurrence, therapeutic resistance, and metastatic dissemination. Tumor dormancy-a…

Lysine lactylation (Kla) is a novel form of post-translational modification. It utilizes lactate as its core substrate. Through an enzymatic regulatory network, it mediates modifications of both histones and non-histone proteins. This modif…

Endometriosis is a persistent gynaecological disease state marked by development of endometrial-like tissue exterior to the uterus, which triggers pelvic discomfort, chronic inflammation, and fertility issues. Although it has been associate…

INTRODUCTION: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals and represents a frequent but underdiagnosed cause of iron deficiency (ID). Screening for CD is recomme…

Gynecologic diseases, including infectious disorders, endocrine-related conditions, gynecologic malignancies, and pregnancy complications, are clinically diverse yet frequently share features of hormonal imbalance, microbial dysbiosis, and …

INTRODUCTION: To assess the prevalence and clinical impact of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and low complement levels on fetal-maternal outcomes in pregnant women within the spectrum of obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). METHODS: A …

BACKGROUND: Unexplained recurrent implantation failure (URIF) represents a complex and challenging condition in reproductive medicine, while the role of non-criteria antiphospholipid syndrome antibodies in its pathogenesis remains unclear. …