The American journal of sports medicine

BACKGROUND: Opioid-related morbidity and mortality are major public health concerns, and the risk of long-term opioid use after shoulder arthroscopy is not well defined. HYPOTHESIS: Substance abuse disorders, pain disorders, and psychiatri…

Groin injuries are a common occurrence in elite-level athletes. These injuries can cause significant pain and disability, leading to prolonged periods of inactivity and consternation among athletes, coaches, athletic trainers, and physician…