International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the accuracy and completeness of responses across common obstetrical and gynecologic topics generated by the large language models (LLMs) ChatGPT and Google Gemini, which have become increasingly popular for patien…

BACKGROUND: The United Nations (UN) has a target for universal contraception access by 2030. Youth (aged 15-29) still have limited contraception access and lower usage. A unified understanding of the barriers youth face in high-income count…

OBJECTIVE: The main objective was to describe women with fibroids who were treated with ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) and to evaluate the outcomes at le…

OBJECTIVE: To explore the incidence of congenital bleeding disorders (CBD), which may result in anemia, in a large cohort of women referred for heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in a specialized gynecologic unit. METHODS: Between January 2022…

The presence of uterine fibroids impacts fertility through multiple mechanisms. While subserosal fibroids have minimal impact, especially when of reduced size, the presence of intramural fibroids impacts both the likelihood of pregnancy and…

Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are present in most women during their reproductive years, yet only a subset becomes clinically meaningful. This disparity poses a central clinical challenge: distinguishing symptoms caused by fibroids from tho…

BACKGROUND: More than 740 000 people identified as female at intake were incarcerated globally as of 2022, reflecting a 60% global increase since the year 2000, with a concomitant increase in gynecologic conditions experienced behind bars. …

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of hysteroscopic metroplasty on symptom relief, including dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and menstrual blood flow in women with partial uterine septa (U2a class). Additional…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether intraoperative confirmation of the disappearance of uterine cavity blood flow using color Doppler during manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) for missed miscarriage reduces the occurrence of retained products of …

BACKGROUND: Poor ovarian response (POR) complicates a substantial proportion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, frequently causing cycle cancellation and suboptimal reproductive outcomes. Conventional follicular-phase ovarian stimulati…

A T-shaped uterus is a uterine malformation, which can be either congenital or acquired, potentially impairing fertility and increasing the risk of miscarriage. Diagnosis primarily relies on three-dimensional ultrasound and hysteroscopy. Hy…

INTRODUCTION: Uterine compression sutures are widely used for postpartum hemorrhage, but conventional techniques might be less effective for bleeding from the lower uterine segment in placenta previa. The Nausicaa suture has shown efficacy;…

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a widely used first-line fertility treatment, yet its success rates vary considerably. This review synthesizes evidence from peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2024, including randomized cont…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of both pre- and post-ovulation post-wash total progressive motile sperm count (TPMSC) on pregnancy outcomes in intrauterine insemination (IUI) using husband's sperm (AIH). METHODS: This retrospective c…

OBJECTIVE: This study explores pain at intrauterine device (IUD) placement in a large Brazilian cohort. METHODS: We undertook a cross-sectional analysis of health records from individuals aged 18 to 45 years who underwent IUD placements be…

Pelvic venous disorders (PeVD) are an underrecognized yet significant cause of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in reproductive-aged women, characterized by venous reflux, obstruction, or both. This clinical opinion provides a practical overview o…

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the relationship between uterine artery blood flow parameters and the number of miscarriages, etiology, treatment protocol, and pregnancy outcomes in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). METHODS:…

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to analyze pregnancy outcomes among patients diagnosed with first-trimester decidual polyps (DPs) following fresh embryo transfer who underwent expectant management and to further explore risk fac…

OBJECTIVE: Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) for dysmenorrhea management have been covered by the Japanese universal health insurance system since 2008. Several public awareness events regarding COC prescriptions for dysmenorrhea were imp…

OBJECTIVE: To assess the background, psychosocial, and menstrual factors associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in a community-based cohort. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted …

Surgery continues to be a mainstay of treatment for patients with symptomatic fibroids. Hysterectomy is an option for those desiring definitive treatment and myomectomy is preferred for those that have not yet completed childbearing or wish…

Despite advancements in infection control, surgical site infections (SSIs) and postoperative sepsis remain significant challenges in gynecological surgery, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In low-income …

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the role of anterior utero-cervical angle as a predictor of labor induction success, comparing outcomes between normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was…