Cancers

Background/Objectives: Lymph node (LN) assessment for cases of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN), a known precursor to endometrial cancer (EC), is a topic of debate. Some experts believe this practice could avoid re-staging of dis…

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the introduction of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in early-stage endometrial cancer (EC), its learning curve, and factors influencing discrepancies between surgeons and pathologists. METHODS: A …

Background: Ovarian cancer, particularly in advanced stages, requires cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy. A significant proportion of patients are elderly, yet older women are often treated with non-standard regimens despite a l…

Objectives: To evaluate the potential associations of the type of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) initial treatment (hysterectomy or uterine evacuation) with GTN development, need for chemotherapy, and treatment outcome in women aged ≥ 40 …

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynaecological malignancy associated with metabolic dysfunctions such as obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance, as well as hormonal imbalances, particularly involving oestrogen and progesterone. These …

BACKGROUND: Intestinal-type vulvar adenocarcinoma (VAIt) is an exceptionally rare form of primary vulvar cancer, characterized by histological features resembling mucinous colonic carcinomas, including villo-glandular structures composed of…

Objectives: MicroRNAs of the miR-200 family are recognized as key inhibitors of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, there is limited data on the potential regulation of miR-200 family expression by long non-coding RNAs (lnc…

Today, science and medicine are striving to develop novel techniques for treating deadly diseases, including a wide range of cancers. Efforts are being made to better understand the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of tumor cell functio…

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis, limited early screening tools, and the aggressive nature of the disease. Increasing global efforts have been …

Cutaneous melanoma is the most severe form of skin cancer. The incidence of the disease has been increasing in the last decades, largely due to increased ultraviolet radiation exposure. A comprehensive understanding of the complex biologica…

Background/Objectives: Rarely, primary (PriCs) or metastatic (metECs) carcinomas occur in the episiotomy site. Methods: A systematic literature review of metECs was carried out. We reviewed the PRISMA guidelines and the Scopus, Pubmed, and …

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Malignant ascites frequently arises in advanced cancers with peritoneal metastasis and is associated with poor outcomes. Known mechanisms include lymphatic obstruction by tumor cells, increased vascular permeability, …

Borderline Ovarian Tumours (BOTs) are a heterogenous group of ovarian neoplasms which have increased mitotic activity but lack stromal invasion. We performed a narrative review of the literature, aiming to identify prognostic molecular biom…

Ovarian cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in the United States. This complex disease arises from tissues such as the ovarian surface epithelium, fallopian tube epithelium, endometrium, or ectopic Mülleri…

Background/Objectives: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs)-specifically, letrozole, anastrozole and exemestane-represent the current gold standard for patients with estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer (ER + BC). This narrative review highlights…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Osteopontin (OPN) is a 34 kDa protein that is extensively phosphorylated and rich in aspartic acid, produced by a single-copy gene, and altered by post-translational processes. In several diseases, OPN has been discov…

OBJECTIVE: We evaluate ovarian cancer (OC) in women with intellectual disability (ID). METHODS: We reviewed the literature and added personal observations. The literature search included data from epidemiological studies on cancer incidenc…

Background: Endocrine therapies are accompanied by side effects that significantly impact the quality of life (QoL) of women with breast cancer. Adequate diet is important for fulfilling nutritional requirements, preserving health, and supp…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: S100A4, a small calcium-binding protein, promotes metastasis in a variety of human malignancies, but little is known about its involvement in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). Herein, we characterized the functiona…

Background/Objectives: Our study evaluates the performance of the CDO1 and CELF4 methylation assay of cervical scrapings in diagnosing endometrial cancer. Methods: Patients referred for abnormal uterine bleeding, suspected endometrial patho…

Proteins and peptides play a pivotal role in key pathological processes, including cancer growth, immune evasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Consequently, they are gaining attention as significant biomolecules in the diagnosis and treatm…

Background: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a devastating childhood brainstem tumor. The median survival of DIPG is 16-24 months independent of the treatment received. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies against DIPG are urgent…

Background/Objectives: We aim to provide pooled data on the safety and efficacy of Transvaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic (vNOTES) right colectomy. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the Cochrane Handbo…

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynaecological malignant tumour in developed countries. At present, no routinely used serum biomarker is available for the prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM). This study thus evalu…

Background: Ovarian cancer is characterized by high mortality rates, primarily due to diagnosis at late stages. Current biomarkers, such as CA125, have demonstrated limited efficacy for early detection. While high-dimensional proteomics off…