Alessandra Graziottin

The introduction of oral GnRH antagonists has created the possibility to replace progestins in combined oral contraceptives as the suppressor of ovarian function. A concept for this new approach to oral hormonal contraception is the combina…

Knowledge of female genital anatomy and physiology is often inadequate or incorrect among women. Precise patient-physician conversations can be inhibited by a reluctance or inability to speak accurately about the vulva and vagina, with the …

BACKGROUND: Management of endometriosis should be based on the best available evidence. The pyramid of evidence reflects unbiased observations analysed with traditional statistics. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the clinical interpretatio…

Sommario Le patologie mestruali sono un problema di salute che affligge dal 5 all’80% delle donne, a seconda della specifica patologia considerata e dei diversi studi. Sono rappresentate da alterazioni del ciclo mestruale (alterazioni del r…

OBJECTIVES: This study set out to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and comorbidities of chronic vulvar pain. Secondary goals were to identify the preferred approaches for managing vulvodynia in Italy. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-s…

This chapter discusses the all too common problem of sex-related pain in women. Pain is a complex perceptive experience, involving biologic as well as psychologic and relational meanings. They become increasingly important with the chronici…

Pain is a complex subjective experience, associated with neurovegetative, affective and cognitive rapid changes. Biological, psychosocial and contextual factors may contribute. Chronic inflammation, of whatever cause, is the leading contrib…

OBJECTIVES: The menstrual cycle is characterised by cyclical fluctuations in oestrogens, progesterone and androgens. Changes in hormone levels in the premenstrual phase with the decline in progesterone trigger a physiological reaction which…

UNLABELLED: The contraceptive pill containing estradiol valerate and dienogest meets women's requests for: a more natural contraceptive, that is reliable and easy to use, with positive cosmetic effects; less intense and shorter bleeding, re…

There is increasing evidence that gynecological disorders associated to chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and co-morbid diseases are characterized by a neuroimmune dysregulation, involving mainly mast cells' (MC) distribution/function and nerve ter…

Pain is a complex subjective experience, associated with neurovegetative, affective and cognitive rapid changes. Biological, psychosocial and contextual factors may contribute. Chronic inflammation, of whatever cause, is the leading contrib…

The worldwide introduction of the first, unique patch for hormonal contraception (ethinyl estradiol/norelgestromin, EE/NGMN patch) was widely recognized as a significant event in the development of drug delivery systems. This innovation off…

Somatic symptoms characterized by arthralgias, bodily aches and pains, musculoskeletal pain and joint pain have been investigated in a number of menopause and depression studies. Although depression is one of the most common causes of bodil…