INTRODUCTION: A transient window of uterine receptivity ensures that embryos implant in an optimal endometrial environment. Failure to establish or premature closure of the implantation window is thought to be a major cause of infertility, …
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies suggested that immune factors may play critical roles in female infertility, but their causal links remain unclear. To address this gap, this study employs the Mendelian randomization (MR) to delineate the causa…
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism involves three primary pathways: the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway (KP), the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5-HT) pathway, and the indole pathway. Under normal physiological conditions, Trp metabolism plays crucial r…
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are a class of structurally diverse compounds, which have been extensively used to treat hormone-responsive cancers due to their unique partially agonistic and antagonistic properties toward es…
BACKGROUND: The in vitro fertilization (IVF) technique is commonly used and is the only treatment option for a proportion of infertile couples. To obtain better outcomes of IVF, it is important to enhance embryo quality by optimizing IVF te…