Hiroshi Kobayashi

Adenomyosis is an estrogen-dependent disorder characterized by substantial heterogeneity in lesion distribution, symptom presentation, disease severity, and reproductive impact, which limits the effectiveness of uniform treatment strategies…

Endometriosis is a chronic disease characterized by the ectopic presence of endometrial cells that evade apoptosis and survive and proliferate under harsh environmental conditions. It is closely associated with infertility and pregnancy-rel…

AIM: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition characterized by persistent inflammation and frequently associated with dysmenorrhea and infertility. The success rate of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in individuals with end…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and exhibits tumor-like characteristics such as invasion, recurrence, and hormone-dependent proliferation despite its b…

Background: Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition, with symptoms including pain and infertility. Regurgitated endometrial cells into the peritoneal cavity encounter hypoxia and nutrient starvation. Endometriotic cells have evolv…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) is a well-known type of cancer that arises from ovarian endometrioma (OE). OE contains iron-rich fluid in its cysts due to repeated hemorrhages in the ovaries. However, distinguishi…

BACKGROUND: Numerous efforts have been undertaken to identify biomarkers associated with embryo and oocyte quality to improve the success rate of in vitro fertilization. Metabolomics has gained traction for its ability to detect dynamic bio…

AIM: The increasing incidence of cesarean sections has led to a higher prevalence of cesarean scar defects (CSDs), predominantly characterized by postmenstrual bleeding in affected women. CSD manifests in various forms, including isolated m…

AIM: Endometriosis is a complex, multifactorial disease. Recent advances in molecular biology underscore that somatic mutations within the epithelial component of the normal endometrium, alongside aberrant epigenetic alterations within endo…

It is considered that the etiology of endometriosis is retrograde menstruation of endometrial tissue. Although shed endometrial cells are constantly exposed to a challenging environment with iron overload, oxidative stress and hypoxia, a fe…

Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease that affects women of reproductive age. Although malignant transformation of endometriosis is rare, physicians must be aware of this due to the high incidence of clear cell carcinoma of the ov…

BACKGROUND: To date, the development of therapy for endometriosis and disease-related infertility remains a major challenge. Iron overload caused by periodic bleeding is a hallmark of endometriosis. Ferroptosis is an iron- and lipid-reactiv…

BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis is an estrogen-dependent gynecologic condition that can cause pain symptoms, heavy menstrual bleeding, and infertility. Several treatments, including hormonal therapy, can improve patients' quality of life through al…

Adenomyosis is an estrogen-dependent gynecologic disease characterized by the myometrial invasion of the endometrial tissue. This review summarized the current understanding and recent findings on the pathophysiology of adenomyosis, focusin…

Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus and is associated with an inflammatory immune response. The gut and reproductive tract microbiota constitute a protective barrier against infection…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of endometrial cells outside of the uterine cavity. Endometriosis affects 10% of women of reproductive age and significantly reduces their quality of l…

AIM: Endometriosis is a chronic disease of reproductive age, associated with pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriotic cells adapt to changing environments such as oxidative stress and hypoxia in order to survive. However, the underlying m…

Hemoglobin concentrations in endometriotic cyst fluids have been found to be associated with distinct clinical manifestations, such as pelvic pain and infertility, as well as with malignant transformation. However, the measurement of the he…

Adenomyosis is an estrogen‑dependent gynecologic disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue within the myometrium. Adenomyosis presents with abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain and infertility. Recently, patients with ad…

This study aimed to evaluate the prediction efficacy of malignant transformation of ovarian endometrioma (OE) using the Copenhagen Index (CPH-I), the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA), and the R2 predictive index. This retrospecti…

Background: Magnetic resonance (MR) relaxometry provides a noninvasive tool to discriminate endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) from ovarian endometrioma (OE) with high accuracy. However, this method has a limitation in discrimin…

Background: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease and causes pelvic pain and infertility. The limits of current pharmacotherapy in women who desire to become pregnant prompt the development of various targeted molecules for more ef…