Shields M

INTRODUCTION: The curriculum for a da Vinci surgeon in gynecology requires special training before a surgeon performs their first independent case, but standardized, objective assessments of a trainee's workflow or skills learned during cli…

BACKGROUND: Robotic surgery is perceived to be more complex in obese patients. Objective performance indicators, machine learning-enabled metrics, can provide objective data regarding surgeon movements and robotic arm kinematics. In this fe…

BACKGROUND: Very little research has been conducted in the West to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Japanese acupuncture (JA). The characteristics that define and differentiate JA from Chinese acupuncture styles add specific challenges to …