OBJECTIVE: To test, among women with natural menopause, whether: infertility, miscarriage, stillbirth, and low parity are associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis; menopause age can partly explain their associations. DESIGN: Pooled an…
STUDY QUESTION: What is the association between endometriosis and the type and age of menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with endometriosis had a 7-fold increased risk of undergoing surgical menopause rather than natural menopause and were m…
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in women. We aimed to assess whether adding female-specific risk factors to traditional factors could improve CVD risk prediction. METHODS: We used a cohort of wome…
PurposePrevious studies have identified associations between individual reproductive factors and chronic disease risk among postmenopausal women. However, few have investigated the association of different markers of reproductive function, …
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and stillbirth with the risk of first non-fatal and fatal stroke, further stratified by stroke subtypes. DESIGN: Individual participant pooled analysis of eight …
STUDY QUESTION: How does the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) vary with type and age of menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER: Earlier surgical menopause (e.g. <45 years) poses additional increased risk of incident CVD events, compared to women wi…
STUDY QUESTION: Are parity and the timing of menarche associated with premature and early natural menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER: Early menarche (≤11 years) is a risk factor for both premature menopause (final menstrual period, FMP <40 years) a…