William L Ledger
No ORCID on file
· 12 papers in corpus
observational
2026
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: This study is aimed at describing the morphometry of the pelvic floor for a large population of women with persistent pelvic pain (PPP) compared with those without pain. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional s…
observational
2022
Oocyte-secreted growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are critical paracrine regulators of female fertility. Recent studies demonstrated that serum concentrations are associated with the number of …
review
2021
Endometriosis is a condition in which functional endometrial glands are located outside the uterine cavity. Common sites are the pelvic peritoneum, the ovaries, uterine ligaments and rectovaginal septum.
2021
Hydrosalpinx is a fluid accumulation in the fallopian tube which has become blocked, at the fimbrial end and the isthmus. This blockage can be caused by infection, sexually transmitted disease, previous sterilisation, endometriosis or surge…
nonrandomized-trial
2020
BACKGROUND: Chronic cyclic pelvic pain (CCPP) affects women's quality of life and pituitary downregulation is often used for symptomatic relief. However, prolonged suppression of ovarian function is associated with menopausal side effects a…
review
2015
BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality during the first trimester and the incidence increases dramatically with in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). The co-existence of an…
observational
2006
PURPOSE: To determine whether ovarian response to previous clomifene treatment could influence the selection of the starting dose of gonadotropins in subsequent in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intra uterine insemination (IUI). METHODS: For…
2005
review
2003
Cytokines are proteins important in cell‐cell signalling. They are involved in many physiological processes such as ovulation, menstruation and pregnancy. Equally, they play an important role in conditions such as preterm labour, pre‐eclamp…
review
2003
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessop Hospital for Women, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK Correspondence to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessop Hospital for Women, University of Sheffield, Tree Root Walk, Sheffi…
review
2003
Despite improvement in the success of IVF, reproductive surgery will remain an important option and complement to assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for many couples. Reproductive surgery should be considered as the first-line treatme…
2002