Chavarro JE

OBJECTIVE: Disordered eating behaviors may impact the gynecologic health of adolescents through effects on menstrual cycle function and body size; however, few studies have evaluated these associations. This study aimed to prospectively inv…

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies suggest that diets encouraging a higher intake of fruits and vegetables and a lower intake of red meat are associated with a lower risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. However, no studies have e…

INTRODUCTION: There is increasing evidence that women who have experienced infertility are at greater risk for several chronic conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not clear. Pathophysiology may be illuminat…

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between infertility history, the risk of type 2 diabetes and HbA1c levels. METHODS: Among the participants in the Nurses' Health Study II (n=116,429), those who repo…

Abstract Although the menstrual cycle is a vital sign for women’s health, research investigating menstrual cycle length (MCL) trajectories across reproductive life is scarce, often categorizing just two patterns: regular and irregular. We …

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between antioxidant intake and antral follicle count (AFC), a marker of ovarian reserve, in women attending a fertility clinic. METHODS: We conducted an observ…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Few studies have investigated the association of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and carbohydrate intake with antral follicle count (AFC). This study aimed to investigate the association of total carb…

OBJECTIVE: Reproductive history may help identify women at higher risk for experiencing menopausal symptoms. We hypothesized that gestation length and offspring birthweight for gestational age z-scores would be associated with menopausal sy…

BACKGROUND: Menstrual cycle characteristics are potential indicators of hormonal exposures and may also signal cardiovascular disease risk factors, both of which are relevant to cognitive health. However, there is scarce epidemiological evi…

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of soy and isoflavone intake with the risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. DESIGN: The Nurses' Health Study II, a prospective cohort study from 1991-2021. SUBJECTS: A total of 82,084 …

Exposure to phthalates is common and difficult to avoid. However, intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3PUFAs) may ameliorate negative effects on ovarian reserve by exposure to phthalates as both are involved in key proces…

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively assess the effect of endometriosis and uterine fibroids on the long term risk of premature mortality (younger than 70 years). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study SETTING: The Nurses' Health Study II, United States …

OBJECTIVES: To better understand whether history of infertility is associated with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels later in life, outside of reproduction. METHODS: Among 1,758 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II with mea…

IMPORTANCE: Fertility status is a marker for future health, and infertility has been associated with risk for later cancer and diabetes, but associations with midlife cardiovascular health (CVH) in female individuals remain understudied. O…

BACKGROUND: Women are at greater risk than men of developing chronic inflammatory conditions and "long COVID." However, few gynecologic health risk factors for long COVID-19 have been identified. Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disord…

PURPOSE: Research on infertility and risk of breast cancer has been conflicting, potentially because many well-established breast cancer risk factors, such as pregnancy history, are strongly correlated with infertility. METHODS: We followe…

BACKGROUND: Despite anecdotal reports, the impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination on menstrual health have not been systemically investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the associations of SARS-CoV-2 infection…

BACKGROUND: Infertility has been associated with common chronic non-communicable diseases. However, the association of infertility with long-term mortality is unclear. METHODS: We followed 101,777 women aged 25-42 years at enrollment betwe…

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations of caffeinated, alcoholic, and sweetened beverage intakes with antral follicle count (AFC), a well-accepted biomarker of ovarian reserve. DESIGN: Observational prospective cohort study. SETTING: Fer…

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding has been associated with a reduced maternal long-term risk of chronic diseases, but its association with mortality is poorly known. METHODS: We included 166,708 female United States (US) nurses from the Nurses' He…

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests that adherence to certain dietary patterns is associated with improved fecundity and reproductive outcomes in the general population and infertile couples assisted reproductive treatments. The objective…

ObjectiveTo examine the association between dietary folate intake and antral follicle count (AFC) among women seeing treatment for infertility.DesignCohort study.SettingAcademic fertility center.PatientsA total of 552 women attending the Ma…

BACKGROUND: The etiology of endometriosis is not well understood. Limited evidence suggests that dietary factors influence risk, but prospective data related to carbohydrate, fiber, and gluten consumption are scarce. Despite this, recommend…

BACKGROUND: Infertility has been associated with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. It is not clear whether infertility and underlying causes of infertility or the use of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) therapies are responsible …

BACKGROUND: Retrospective studies suggest that menstrual cycle length may be a risk marker of adverse pregnancy outcomes, but this evidence is susceptible to recall bias. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prospective association between menstrual…